Given the importance of the offence of Smuggling of goods and currency, the legislature has taken a strictly differential approach to this offence, but in some cases, the legislature has taken a more differential approach to some instances of this offence. Organized Smuggling of goods and currency is one of them. With a descriptive and analytical approach, this article seeks to identify the concept of Organized Smuggling and then the measures taken by the legislature to combat it and the challenges in front. In the Law of Combat Against Smuggling of Goods and Currency, for the first time, the legislator introduced the concept of Organized Smuggling of goods and currency to the Iranian legal literature and, with the aim of a strict response, envisaged differential substantive and formal measures, such as: Absolute criminalization of this behavior, intensification of punishment of Organized members and leaders of the Organized group, the anticipation of jurisdiction for the Revolutionary Court, identification of special discoverer organizations and provision of special powers and duties for them. Despite the large volume of Smuggling in the country for reasons such as the narrow interpretation of the offence of Smuggling of goods and currency from the Supreme Court, the lack of familiarity with the characteristics and criteria for detecting Organized Smuggling and the haste of attending authorities of Smuggling of goods and currency, in practice, many detected Smuggling cases are considered normally.

Objective: In regards to the high volume of goods Smuggling from the State’s national economy, codifying strategies to counter Organized crimes of goods Smuggling based on deterring and advancing factors to combat these crimes isof utmost importance.Method: This research is of applied and developmental type in terms of objective and has descriptive-analytical nature. The methodological approach of this research is of mixed discovery and its expert population consists of: expertsfrom government, parliament, judiciary, Law Enforcement, and instructors related to the fields of economic Organized crimes of goods Smuggling and the expert samples include 32 experts holding PH.D degrees in the fields pertinentto the subject matter with at least 20 years of experience and responsibility in executive jobs and is in a purposeful manner till the saturation level.To analyze the collected data, contents analysis was used in order to classify and categorize the research elements and statistical analyses such as: Lavshe coefficient to investigate the validity of the research structure was also used andchronbach Alpha was used to review the reliability of the research, as well. For average ranks, we used the SPSS software.Findings: The results of the research include: strategies to counter the Organized crimes of goods Smuggling based on deterring and advancing factors effective in combating the Organized crimes of Smuggling in the axes of laws and regulations, architecture (structure, process and system), human capital, combating culture, pressures, international interventions, policies, border and Smuggling setting.

Context and purpose: It will not be possible to fight arms Smuggling in the social and legal fields unless such a thing is reprehensible in the beliefs of the people. In addition, if the laws and regulations are based on religious and jurisprudential foundations, they have more control and strength in the society. In this regard, this present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the religious foundations of the denial of trafficking. Method: The current research is fundamental in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of researchers' approach, and the method of conducting it is qualitative content analysis. The content analysis has been approved by experts.Findings: The current research determined that arms Smuggling is due to the reasons of 1- the existential threat of the Islamic system; 2- Damage to people's lives and honors; 3- Helping the Enemy security dominance; 4- Contributing to other crimes; 5- Generating illegal and haram income and 6- Undermining justice is prohibited from the point of view of religious sources.Conclusion: The religious foundations of the denial of trafficking in Islam based on the analysis of the content of six related jurisprudential rules are: 1- The sanctity of any action that endangers the principle of Islam and the Islamic state; 2- It is forbidden to harm people's lives, property, and honors; 3- It is forbidden any action that leads to the security domination of the enemies; 4- it is forbidden to any help to the foreign and domestic enemy; 5- it is forbidden to income obtained by false means; 6- Negation of any action that prevents any right from reaching its owner.

The most dangerous crimes which threaten our economic, social and even political security, due its unique characteristics, are Organized crimes which has emerged in new shapes as the technology progresses. Because of the complexity of criminal groups and their networks and accomplices it greatly affects the economy, politics and the international society. It is not easy to detect all of their activities but most of them are organizations which have strong and rich communities. The total assest of some of these organizations may be as huge as some countries total budget. Their target is profit seeking rather than getting political strength. According to Interpol research report, fourteen percents of the GBP for developing countries and two percents of the GBP for developed countries is consumed by them. This research investigates the Organized crimes in a documentary method. Reinforcing the combating tools and signing new regional and international contracts for cooperation's between police forces as well as legal cooperations can reduce their threats.

The purpose of author in this article was to know how cooperation in criminal organization is, how they identify their members, what rules they have got, what factors cause criminal to do these crimes, why police are unsuccessful to deal with criminal organization, and what is the reason that criminal organizations are powerful. To answer these questions, we should know about criminal organization, because criminal organization follow crime as a way of living and sometimes they assume that they are apart from society and behave with each other and with group member friendly. They do most of their criminal activities in relate to other countries and without cooperation of other countries battle against criminal organization is impossible. But, unfortunately different countries have got different legislation system against criminal organization.So, criminal organization can use these gallops to escape from investigations and law in the case of commitment to crime.

Lack of literature in network analysis of Organized crimes necessitates more theoretical and experimental works.This paper tries to elaborate on the Organized crimes and their characteristics as well as their basic types. Definition, functions, basic concepts, the standard and the network structure in social sciences are clarified. The paper specifically aims at operating and benefiting from network analysis technique in data analysis of the Organized crimes. Network analysis technique can be a useful and systematic tool to combine various data.

The expansion of underground activities and Smuggling of goods threats the employment in Iran. This study estimates the volume of Smuggling in Iran by using multiple-cause-multiple causes (MIMIC) model and applying maximum likelihood method over the period 1979-2017. Then the effect of Smuggling on employment is investigated by using ARDL Bounding test method. The results of Smuggling time series show that despite some fluctuations, the Smuggling has been generally increasing. The findings of regression model indicate that expansion of Smuggling has a negative impact on employment in the short-and long-run.

According to the criminal law, the Organized crimes have a unique characteristic which is the planned way of accomplishing. This indicates that in comparison with others, these kinds of crimes are not new ones and in spite of it, every crime can be accomplished in an Organized manner. In the mean time, based on criminology, other than way of accomplishing, the Organized crimes have two other characteristics including their financial and trans-national features. Whenever the above characteristics are linked to the perpetrators of Organized crimes, the role of security as the subject of this crime is highlighted. However, despite of terrorism which mainly targets the citizens, these crimes are behaviors against economic and national security. Pursuing those crimes is not comparable to those on the streets or other coercive crimes. Due to the linkage between Organized crime perpetrators and the power and also because of formalistic respect to the law and norms by them, police has not been so successful in identification and hunting those criminals.

Transnational Organized crime is one of the most problematic matters for international community in 21st century. These crimes are committed by Organized criminal groups consisting of three or more persons, a unique leadership and strict discipline with cruel sanctions in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material benefit. Commission of the crimes nationally and internationally has political, economic and social effects and threatens the existence of nations and states. The United Nations, acting on behalf of international community, elaborated an international document named “United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime” with two protocols. The documents were opened for signature of states in Palermo (Italy) in 2000. 147 states including Iran has signed the convention. This article is aimed firstly to determine the meaning of the transnational Organized crime, secondly to analyzes its various effects justifying the necessity of combating it.